Thursday, October 9, 2008

Cuál or Qué - Which or What to use?


At times another difficult pair to choose from - which (cuál?) or what (qué?) to user. Well it's much like English, but then again it's not.

First of all is to notice whether either word is accented - if they have accents, then they are undoubtably being used in questions and are not connecting words, where their meaning is different. When used in this manner their formally referred to as "Interrogatory Pronouns". Go that? They can refer to people (either gender) or things, and in the plural cuál becomes cuáles. As indicated above, qué generally indicates what and cuál which. Here's a some examples that might make it simpler to understand when (cuando) to use each.

Cuál usually is used before es and other forms of ser when not seeking a definition:
  • ¿Cuál es el problema? What is the problem?
  • ¿Cuáles son las ciudades más grandes en Peru? What are the biggest cities in Peru?
  • ¿Cuál es su dirección? What is your address?


To use Cuál is to suggest a selection or choice from among a group:
  • ¿Cuál miras? Which one are you looking at? However to be less specific you might say, ¿Qué miras? What are you looking at?
  • ¿Cuál prefieres? Which one do you prefer? But generally speaking, ¿Qué prefieres? What do you prefer?
  • ¿Cuáles quieres? Which ones do you want? Or, ¿Qué quieres? What do you want?
  • ¿Cuál es el más caro? Which is the most expensive? or plurally, ¿Cuáles son los más caros? Which are the most expensive?


Qué is used when asking a definition.
  • ¿Qué hace un pescador? What does a fisherman do?
  • ¿Qué es una ferreteriá? What is a hardware store?
  • ¿Qué significa "vaquero"? What does "vaquero" mean?


Normally Qué is most often used before nouns (however cuál isn't necessarily wrong and you'll hear it sometimes used to mean "which"):
  • ¿Qué revista leíste? Which magazine did you read?
  • ¿De qué color es la falda? What color is the skirt?
  • ¿Qué cuarto prefieres? Which room do you prefer?


Common idiomatic uses of Qué are:
  • ¿Qué hora es? What time is it?
  • ¡Qué lástima! What a shame!
  • ¡Qué día más horrible! What a horrible day!
  • ¡Qué susto! What a fright!
  • ¡Qué hermoso! How beautiful!
  • ¡Qué bonito! How pretty!
  • ¿Qué tanto? How much?
  • ¿Y qué? ¿Y a mí qué? So what?
  • ¿Para qué? ¿Por qué? Why?


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